India NFHS-4 Consanguineous Marriages by State

RBI June 2018 asset quality

From Reserve Bank of India, Financial Stability Report June 2018
https://rbi.org.in/Scripts/PublicationReportDetails.aspx?UrlPage=&ID=906

India - Gross Fiscal Deficit

World and India: exports in goods, 2013-2018

India: Nikkei PMI and Manufacturing Growth

Both charts are from tradingeconomics.com

The first chart is the Nikkei India Purchasing Managers Index (see Wiki)  Above 50 indicates expected expansion, below 50 indicates expected contraction.

The next chart is actual manufacturing growth.

Nikkei Manufacturing PMI past 5 years (chart generated July 14, 2018)

India Manufacturing Growth past 5 years (chart generated July 14, 2018)

India: Bank Loan Growth YoY

Via tradingeconomics.com:

Anatolian I.E

Fig. 2 Principal component analyses using ancient and present-day genetic data.

(A) PCA of ancient and modern Eurasian populations. The ancient steppe ancestry cline from EHG to Baikal_EN is visible at the top outside present-day variation, while the YamnayaKaragash_EBA sample has additional CHG ancestry and locates to the left with other Yamnaya and Afanasievo samples. Additionally, a shift in ancestry is observed between the Baikal_EN and Baikal_LNBA, consistent with an increase in ANE-related ancestry in Baikal_LNBA. (B) PCA estimated with a subset of Eurasian ancient individuals from the steppe, Iran, and Anatolia as well as present-day South Asian populations. PC1 and PC2 broadly reflect West-East and North-South geography, respectively. Multiple clines of different ancestry are seen in the South Asians, with a prominent cline even within Dravidians in the direction of the Namazga_CA group, which is positioned above Iranian Neolithic in the direction of EHG. In the later Turkmenistan_IA sample, this shift is more pronounced and toward Steppe EBA and MLBA. The Anatolia_CA, EBA and MLBA samples are all between Anatolia Neolithic and CHG, not in the direction of steppe samples.

Y Haplogroup Q1a

Noticed by @Kirron909: from table in @vagheesh paper. Steppe have Y haplogroup  Q1a. South Asian do not. This goes against a migration from steppe @macgupta123 See screenshot: pic.twitter.com/IRJwmiLw8P

— Dr.Shiv (@bennedose) May 1, 2018

GD13a

From
https://www.biorxiv.org/content/biorxiv/early/2016/06/18/059568.full.pdf
The genetics of an early Neolithic pastoralist from the Zagros,Iran.

Fig. 1. GD13a appears to be related to Caucasus Hunter Gatherers and to modern South Asian populations.     A)  PCA  loaded on modern populations (represented by open symbols).  Ancient individuals (solid symbols) are projected onto these axes.

Lactase persistence

From the supplemental material of:
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5702378/
World-wide distributions of lactase persistence alleles and the complex effects of recombination and selection
Anke Liebert,1,3 Saioa López,1 Bryony Leigh Jones,1 Nicolas Montalva,1,2,4 Pascale Gerbault,1,5 Winston Lau,1 Mark G. Thomas,1 Neil Bradman,6 Nikolas Maniatis,1 and Dallas M. Swallow

Table S4

From the supplemental material of
https://www.biorxiv.org/content/early/2018/03/31/292581

Mixture proportions for South Asian populations.

From Lazaridis et. al.
https://www.biorxiv.org/content/biorxiv/early/2016/06/16/059311.full.pdf
Supplemental material:
https://www.biorxiv.org/content/biorxiv/suppl/2016/06/16/059311.DC1/059311-1.pdf

Ubiquitous Steppe_EMBA

From Figure 4 of
https://www.biorxiv.org/content/biorxiv/early/2016/06/16/059311.full.pdf

Steppe_EMBA & Steppe_MLBA

From Figure 5 of The Genetic Structure of the World's First Farmers
https://www.biorxiv.org/content/biorxiv/early/2016/06/16/059311.full.pdf

Genetic Drift

By Gringer - Own work, CC BY-SA 3.0, https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=23655974